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Taxonomy: V4.1   |  16S rRNA RefSeq: V16.03   |  Genomic RefSeq: V11.02   |  Viruses: V1.2
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Abiotrophia defectiva (HMT-389)

Bacteria;Bacillota;Bacilli;Lactobacillales;Aerococcaceae;Abiotrophia defectiva

Taxon Description: Abiotrophia defectiva was originally named Streptococcus defectivus [6]. Fastidious streptococci that grew as satellite colonies around other microorganisms or in complex media enriched with cysteine were originally described as nutritionally variant streptococci (NVS) by Frenkel and Hirsch [7]. Kawamura et al. recognized that S. defectivus and other NVS were not members of the genus Streptococcus and created the genus Abiotrophia [1]
Classification:
Bracketed letters indicate
that the taxonomic name at this
level has not been established.
  • Examples:
  • C1 – First Unnamed Class
  • O1 – First Unnamed Order
  • F2 – Second Unnamed Family
  • G3 – Third Unnamed Genus
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Bacillota
Class: Bacilli
Order: Lactobacillales
Family: Aerococcaceae
Genus: Abiotrophia
Species:defectiva
Bacterial Name: Abiotrophia defectiva
Naming Status: Named
Cultivation Status: Cultivated
Body Site (or Source): (in beta) Primary: Oral (Abundance: High)
Type/Reference Strain:
Former Names or Synonyms:
Phylum: Firmicutes
Streptococcus defectivus
16S rRNA Reference Sequences: RefSeq-ID(s)      [View Taxon in RefSeq Tree ]
HMT-389_16S000700 Show Sequence
HMT-389_16S000704 Show Sequence
HMT-389_16S000705 Show Sequence
HMT-389_16S000710 Show Sequence
HMT-389_16S003491 Show Sequence
HMT-389_16S006679 Show Sequence

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Number of
Genome Sequences:		 5 Open Genomes in Table
Pangenome(s): Open Interactive Anvi`o:
Abiotrophia__defectiva__HMT_389
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Microbial Ecology: Abundance/Prevalence
Proteomics:
NCBI Taxon ID: 46125 [Link to NCBI]
LPSN.dsmz.de: https://lpsn.dsmz.de/species/Abiotrophia-defectiva
PubMed Searches:
NCBI PubMed Link
NCBI (Entrez) Nucleotide Link
NCBI (Entrez) Protein Link
Phylogenetic Trees:
Genome Tree
Ribosomal Protein Tree
16S rRNA Gene Tree
Disease Associations: In a study of microbial risk indicators of early childhood caries Abiotrophia defectiva was significantly more abundant in caries free vs caries active subjects [4]. The organism has also been associated with bacterial endocarditis [25]
Prevalence and Source: Abiotrophia defectiva is a common member of the human oral cavity pharynx intestine and urogenital tracts. In a study examining the normal microflora of the oral cavity it was recovered from buccal hard palate tooth surface and subgingival sites [3].
Phenotypic Characteristics: Gram-positive cocci. Nonmotile nonsporulating catalase negative and oxidase negative. Facultatively anaerobic with complex growth requirements. Grows as satellite colonies adjacent to Staphylococcus epidermidis [1].
Cultivability: Requires 10 mg/l pyrixoxal hydrochloride or 100 mg/l L-cysteine for growth [1]
References:
[1] Kawamura Y, Hou XG, Sultana F, Liu S, Yamamoto H, Ezaki T. Transfer of Streptococcus adjacens and Streptococcus defectivus to Abiotrophia gen. nov. as Abiotrophia adiacens comb. nov. and Abiotrophia defectiva comb. nov., respectively. Int J Syst Bacteriol. 1995 Oct;45(4):798-803
[2] Bouvet A, Grimont F, Grimont PAD Streptococcus defectivus sp. nov. and Streptococcus adjacens sp. nov., nutritionally variant streptococci from human clinical specimens. Int J Syst Bacteriol. 1989 Jul; 39(3):290-294
[3] Hashimoto T, Jodo S, Furusaki A, Kon Y, Amasaki Y, Atsumi T, Komatsu H, Shimokawa J, Yonezawa K, Koike T. A woman with infectious endocarditis caused by Abiotrophia defectiva. Intern Med. 2004 Oct;43(10):1000-4
[4] Corby PM, Lyons-Weiler J, Bretz WA, Hart TC, Aas JA, Boumenna T, Goss J, Corby AL, Junior HM, Weyant RJ, Paster BJ. Microbial risk indicators of early childhood caries. J Clin Microbiol. 2005 Nov;43(11):5753-9
[5] Aas JA, Paster BJ, Stokes LN, Olsen I, Dewhirst FE. Defining the normal bacterial flora of the oral cavity. J Clin Microbiol. 2005 Nov;43(11):5721-32
[6] Christensen JJ, Facklam RR. Granulicatella and Abiotrophia species from human clinical specimens. J Clin Microbiol. 2001 Oct;39(10):3520-3
[7] Frenkel A, Hirsch W Spontaneous development of L. forms of streptococci requiring secretions of other bacteria or sulphydryl compounds for normal growth Nature. 1961 191:728-730